Edema—defined as swelling caused by fluid accumulation in the body’s tissues—is a common side effect of many prescription medications. Although typically most visible in the lower extremities such as the legs, ankles, and feet, edema can affect any part of the body, including the face, hands, and abdomen. For individuals with lymphedema, this additional fluid retention can complicate management and potentially worsen symptoms.

Understanding which medications can cause edema, how they do so, and what to do about it is essential for both patients and healthcare providers. This article explores the most common classes of prescription drugs associated with edema, their mechanisms of action, and how to approach this side effect responsibly.